Indicator



4 Sheets- Sheet l y 0 a KW & .K E O ADJ Z n M F 7 W 1 E er T 1 m v/nLmJe T u A av R. R. CHAPPELL ETAL Jan. 19, 1943.

TO RECORDER AND INDICATOR LOCAL. SUPPLY uov-eo Jan. 19, 1943. R. R. CHAPPELL ETAL 2,303,545

I INDICATOR I Original Filed April 29, 1936 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 TO TRANSMITTER 1943- R. R. CHAPPELL 2,308,645

- INDICATOR Original Filed April 29, 1936 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 TO rmmsmrr-relz M *rtW ATTORNE S,

Jan. 19, 41943. R. R. CHAPPELL tun. 2,308,545

INDICATOR Original Filed April, 29, 1936 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 INVENTORS.

*M ATTORNEYS.

Patented Jan. 19, 1943 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE Y assemi ,Biehmond, Va -and RutgerB.

ppell Oolt and Robert 1. Streb, Baltimore, Md, asrlgnors to Bendix Aviation corporation, Ben! dix, N. 1., a corporation of Delaware Original application April 29, 1936, SerialNo. I I W 1. and this-[all m- 14, mo, Serial No. 310,209

plication Decem- V 3Claims. (cl. iii-sani 77,060, flied April 29, 1936 now Patent No.

2,232,589 issued Februarylii, 1941.

one or the objects of the present invention is to provide novel means and methods for transmitting and recording and/or indicating variations in the value of a variable quantity. quality or condition. l

Another object is to provide novel apparatus wherein a plurality of members which are movable cyclically in approximate synchronism by separate driving means may be automatically resynchronized i'or each cycle of operation.

Another object is to provide novel apparatus for producing indications at a control station of a variable at a remote station, wherein a circuit connecting the transmitting and receiving instruments is maintained closed during a time interval which constitutes a measure of an instantaneous value of the variable and wherein .the energy in said circuit is employed for controlling an auxiliary circuit to produce momen- 80 tary impulses of auxiliary energy to record said instantaneous values.

Another object is to provide novel apparatus a for producing a permanent record on a recording surface whereby a curve of any range of values plotted on any desired scale may be produced on a comparatively narrow recording surface without the necessity for reversing the recording means each time the curve has traversed the recording surface and accordingly without changing the direction oi the slope oi the curve to indicate like changes inthe plotted value.

A further object is to provide novel recordins apparatu which is simple both in construction and operation, which may befreadily and inexpensively manufactured, and which is rugged,'yetaccurate and reliable. A still further object is to provide 'novel'means,

in a system for transmitting and'recording values of a variable, such as the position or an element,

wherein a measureabie movement or time interval is representative of the value of the variable,

. for recording both' the beginning and end of said movement or interval.

strument ior a metering system embodying novel means for periodically positioning. an indicator element.

- Another object to provide novel indicating apparatus wherein a rotatable indicating element is adapted tobe intermittently positioned by means carried on'a continuously rotating member and wherein means are also provided for totalizing the number of revolutions of said element.

The above and further objects and novel features of the invention will more fully appear from the following detail description when takenin connection with the accompanying drawings. It is to be expressly understood, however, that'the drawings are for the purpose of illustration only and are not designed as a definition of the limits of the invention, reference-being had for this latter purpose to the appended claims.

In the drawings, wherein like reference characters refer to like parts throughout the several views,

Fig. l is a diagrammatic illustration 01. one form of transmitter which maybe employed in carrying out the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a diagrammatic illustration of one form of receiving and recording mechanism which may be employed;

Fig; 3 is a similar .view of another, type or rieceiving indicator comprehended by the invent on;

Fig. 4.is a diagrammatic view of another embodiment of the novel recording apparatus;

Fig. 5 is an enlarged detail view, partly in section and with parts broken away, or a part of the marking mechanismioi' the apparatus of Fig. 4; and

Fig. it man" enlarged'detail view of a portion oi'the marking mechanism of Fig. 4.

The present invention comprehends novel .meanswhich are particularly adapted for use V in combination to form a novel system for producinganeirhibit at a control station corresponding to thexvalue of some measurable quantity or conditionutransmitted over the system from a remote station. Said system, as hereindescribed, comprises two instruments or units which are operated cyclically in synchronism so that a measurable portion of each cycle, as determined:

by the sending unitin cooperation withsuitable indicating means, is representative or the value oi the-variable to be transmitted, said representative portion of the cycle being translated at the receiving instrument into a readable indication Another object is to provide an indicating inof said value. The units are electrically connected and so constructed that a circuit is energized during said measured or representative portion of each cycle and the energy in said circuit is employed to control the production of impulses of auxiliary energy to actuate or control the recording or indicating mechanism of the receiver unit. A system and apparatus applicable for indicating, transmitting and recording variable water stages or other liquid levels has been chosen, by way of example, for the purposes of describing and illustrating one useful form of the invention.

Referring now to the drawings, and more particularly to Flg. 1, wherein the transmitting or sending unit is shown, the means for measuring the variable, i. e. the water level, comprises a float Ill, adapted to be supported by a liquid body, and connected by means of a flexible cord or cable II to a drum l2 which is mounted'on a shaft l3 for rotation therewith and around which the cable is wound. Any suitable means such as a coil spring or the usual counterweight l suspended from drum l2 by cable I I may be provided for rotating drum i2 in a clockwise direction, as viewed in the drawings, to take up the slack in line II when the float is raised by the liquid. If a readable indication of the water level is desired at the sending station, a hand It may be secured to shaft l3 and operated thereby over a suitable graduated dial (not shown). Another hand i5 may be loosely mounted on shaft l3 and drivably connected thereto by reduction gear train l6, l1 whereby a complete revolution of drum I2 will produce only a partial revolution of hand It. The latter hand thus serves as a counter or totalizer for the revolutions of hand It. Secured to drum l2, preferably adjacent the periphery thereof and extending axially therefrom, is an arm it. A set screw I9 is threaded through the outer end of said arm for a purpose to appear hereafter. It will, of course, be understood that practically any variable indicating instrument, such as a speed or temperature indicator, may be substituted for the water stage indicator above described. 1

Novel means are provided for periodically ascertaining the position of drum I2 or hand It with respect to a predetermined reference position in terms of a measurable time interval or distance. As shown, said means comprise a disc preferably comprises a lever 23 pivotally mounted intermediate its ends on a pin 30 extending axialLv from disc 20. A contact 3i is mounted on 20 mounted on a shaft 2| for rotation therewith relative to drum I2, said shaft preferably being coaxial with shaft 13. Disc 20 is adapted to be driven at a constant or uniform speed when in motion by any suitable driving means such as, for example, a synchronous electric motor A which is electrically connected by leads 22 to a local supply of alternating current energy represented by conductors or busses 23 and 2|.

A yielding driving connection is interposed between shaft 25 of the driving means and shaft 2|, which, in the form illustrated, is constituted by a friction clutch comprising a pair of plates 28 and 21. The former plate is rigidly secured to shaft 25 whereas the latter is mounted on shaft 2! for rotation therewith and longitudinal movement relative thereto. Suitable resilient means, such'as a coil spring 28, may be provided for continualiv pressingplate 21 into frictional driving engagement with plate 28.

Electric contact mechanism adapted to cooperate with an element, such as arm II, the position of which is indicative of the value of the variable to he recorded or indicated, is mounted and insulated from the inner end of said lever and -is adapted to be moved into engagement with a contact-32. The latter is slidably mounted in a guide 33 carried by disc "and is normally held in the position of Fig. 1 by suitable resilient means enclosed in said guide. The outer end of lever .28 is adapted to engage the inner end of screw is when disc 23 reaches an angular position with respect to a predetermined reference position which bears-a known relation to the instantaneous position of drum l2. Upon continued relative rotation of said disc and drum, the former moving in the direction of the arrow, lever 28 is caused to pivot about pin 30 and move contacts 3| and 32 into engagement. Contact 32 yields to the pressure exerted thereon until the outer end of lever 29 passes over screw I3, whereupon the lever is returned by suitable resilient means 34 to the position of Fig. '1 against a stop 35.

For the purpose of checking the synuchronization and, if necessary, to resynchronize disc 20 with the receiver instrument to be hereinafter described, novel combined braking and circuit control means are provided whereby the synchronously movable elements of both the transmitter and receiver instruments are constrained to move simultaneously from predetermined reference positions at the beginning of each cycle of operation. Preferably, such means comprise a brake arm 36, the free end of which is normally held adjacent the periphery of disc 20 by a spring 31 and is adapted to be engaged by the flat, radial surface of 9. lug 38 on said disc. The other end of arm 36 is pivotally secured to a bifurcated member 39 which is in turn pivotally mounted on a fixed pivot pin 40. An electrical contact 41, mounted on but insulated from member 39, is adapted to be moved into engagement with a fixed contact 42 by pressure exerted against the free end of brake arm 36. A spring 43 holds said contacts in normal open position as illustrated the contacts are thus engaged, disc 20 will be held against further rotation and slippage will occur between plates 28 and 21 until a similar condition exists at the receiving instrument, where-.

upon a circuit will be closed containing the coil 44 of a pivotally mounted solenoid, the core 45 of which is pivotally connected to the central portion of brake arm 35. When energized, solenoid 44, 45 is effective to pull arm 38 downwardly against the efforts of spring 31 to thereby release the pressure of disc 20 against brake arm 30 and thereby permitting spring 43 to open con tacts 4| and I2.

The additional electrical equipment which completes the transmitting instrument, the circuit connections for which will appear hereinafter in the description of the operation of the complete system, comprises a solenoid operated switch C constituted by a coil 48 and a plunger 41, the latter being adapted to bridge a pair of contacts 43, 48 when the coil is energized. A mechanical latch relay R has two coils 43 and 60 each adapted, when energized, to actuate a common plunger 5| to bridge either the pair of contacts 32, 32 or the pair 53, 53. When moved by coil 43 to bridge contacts 52, plunger 5|, will be mechanically held in that position irrespective of the de-enerslzation of said coil until again attracted by coil II driven by a pair of pulleys 84 and 85 to succesto a position for bridging contacts 53. Likewise, the plunger will be mechanically held in said latter position until the same is again attracted by coil 49. Since the mechanical latching means for plunger l'may be of any well known construcby coil 54, plunger 55 is moved to a position for connecting terminals 58, 5 l I Turning now to the novel receiving and recording instrument diagrammatically illustrated in Fig. 2 and installed at a control station, a disc 68 mounted on a shaft'iil is adapted to be driven in synchronism with disc 28 and preferably at a uniform speed by any suitable driving means, such as a synchronous electric motorB, through a yieldable clutch 62, 63 similar to clutch 26, 21. Plate 63 is loosely splined to shaft '6! and held in frictional engagement with plate 62 by a spring 64.- Motor B is electrically connected by leads 59, 59 to a local source of alternating current supply, such as lines 65 and 66, having the same characteristics as to voltage and frequency as the local source of supply 23, 24 at the sending station. It will, of course, be understood that motors A and B may be of the synchronous type and attached to the same source of supply, if such a source is available at both stations, or that any other suitable type of driving means that may be operated in synchronism may be employed.

Bra-king means for disc 68 and associated circuit control means substantially the same as the corresponding means at the sending instrument are provided and, as shown, comprise a braking arm 61 adapted to cooperate with a lug 68011 said disc, said arm being pivotally supported at one end by a bifurcated member 69 which is in turn mounted on a fixed pivot 18. Arm 67 is normally held by spring H with the free end thereof adjacent disc 68, and the core 12 of a solenoid I3 is connected to the central portion of the arm for the purpose of pulling said free end downwardly against the efforts of spring H to release disc 68. A contact M mounted on member 69 is normally heldout of engagement with a cooperating fixed contact by a spring 16; but is adapted to be moved into engagement when lug 68engages arm 81.

Solenoid 12, 73, in addition-to actuating arm 6?, is efiective through a collar 11 on core 12 to move a pair of spring mounted contacts 18 and 18 into engagement with one another. lar 'I'I engages and passes a bead ,88 on the arm of contact I8, both on its down stroke and on its up stroke, to produce two momentary impulses of energy in a local circuit including a solenoid'al.

Novel recording means are provided as part of the receiving instrument, 1 which means are so constructed that a continuous record of the values of a variable at a local or remote station may bemade on a comparatively narrow record surface without reversing the operation of any of the movable parts at any time. An easily readable record of any range of values may also be produced, the entire record curve being readable from a common base line and having the same direction of slope throughoutwith respect to said base line for like changes in the variable value being recorded. In the embodiment of Fig. 2, the recorder is constituted by a plurality of styles Preferably, colsively move each of the markers82 across a recording surface 86 from right to left as viewed in the drawings. Markers 82 are spaced on belt 83 so that at least one will be over the recording surface at all times, the same preferably being spaced apart a distance somewhat less than the width of the recording surface 86.

In order that markers 82 may be successively moved from a reference position a distance representative of the liquid level or other variable at a given instant at the sending station, pulley 84 is mounted on shaft 6| for rotation therewith so thatmarking pins 82 will move in synchronism with discs 28 and 68. During each revolution of disc 68 or pulley 84, one marker is moved across the recording surface from baseline 81 to an upper margin line 88. The'distance between said lines is also the distance at which pins 82 are spaced on belt 83 and the latter is so positioned on pulley 84 that one marker is stopped over base line 81' and one over line 88 when discs 28 and 68 are stopped in their reference positions by brake arms 36 and 67. Since one of the markers moves across the record surface from base line 81 in synchronism with disc 28 of the sender, it will be apparent that the distance said marker has moved from the base line at the instant the position of disc 28 corresponds to the position of drum M will be indicative of the liquid level being measured.

It will be noted that each marker 82 makes every third record mark when three markers are used, except. that when the value of the variable increases so that the curve extends beyond margin line 88 a new curve is started adjacent base line 81 bythe succeeding marker pin. If desired, the distance between lines 81 and 88 may, by properly proportioning the parts, be made to represent a change in water levelindicated by one complete revolution of indicator hand 34. Then, the number of traverses of the curve across sheet 86 willrepresent the position of counter hand I5. Record surface 86 may be moved along while the ordinates will represent the values of the variable.

Markers 82 may be constructed to prick or mark surface 88 in any suitable manner, and

or markers 82 carried by an endless belt or tape in the form illustrated,. novel marking means including an inkedribbon 98, interposed between belt 83 and surface 86, are provided. A tapping mechanism for .moving markers 82 into contact with the ribbon to thereby mark the desired record on'surface 86 comprises a flat member 9| able spring 96 is provided for normally holding the tapping mechanism in the illustrated positionagainst a stop 91.

The electrical equipment at'the receiving instrument includes, in addition to the parts already described, a solenoid operated 'switch mechanism which comprises a coil 98 adapted to simultaneously actuate a pair of contact strips 99 and I88 to close two pair of contacts IM and I82 which are normally held in open position by any suitable means such as the resiliency of strips 99, I00.-

In the operation of the system, motors A and B are continuously energized and tend to continuously and synchronously drive discs 20 and 60 through friction clutches 25, 21 and 52, 63

in a clockwise direction as viewed in the draw' comprises bus 24, lead I08, contacts 52, lead I01, coil 46, lead a, which extends to the receiving instrument, one of the contacts of pair IOI, lead I08, contacts 14, 15, lead I09, coil 98, and lead b, which returns to bus 23 at the sending instrument. The energization of coils 45 and 98 causes local circuits to the brake releasing solenoids 44 and 13, respectively, to be completed, the circuit to the latter comprising lead IIO, coil 13, lead III, contacts I02, strip I00 and lead H2, and the circuit to the former comprising lead II3, coil 44, lead II4, contacts 48 and lead IIS. Coil 88 also closes contacts IOI so that the circuit between the sender and receiver is main tained through lead a, contacts I 0|, conducting strip 99, coil 98 and lead b after contacts 14,

. are disengaged.

It will thus, be seen that discs and so are periodically and simultaneously started from a predetermined reference position, thereby insuring resynchronization of the movement thereof and. of the movement of markers-82 during each cycle of operation. Circuit connections between the two instruments are provided even after the discs are released. With disc 60 in its reference position, one of the markers 82, as pointed out above, will be positioned over base line 81 and another over margin line 88. The downward or brake releasing movement of plunger 12 when attracted by coil 13 causes collar 11 to engage bead 80 and momentarily close contacts 18, 18 to close a local or auxiliary circuit which includes lead IIB, contacts 19, 18, lead II1, the coil of solenoid 8I, and lead II8. Solenoid 8| is thus energized to attract its plunger and cause the tapping mechanism 9|, 92 to strike the markers 82. A base line dot which serves as a visual check on the synchronization of the parts is thus made at the beginning of each cycle.

The circuit through leads a and b connecting the sending and receiving instruments is maintained closed during the time interval that is required for disc 20 to move from its reference position to a position corresponding to the instant position of drum I2 which is in turn indlcative of the variable being measured. When the latter condition is reached, contacts 3|, 32 will be closed by the cooperation of screw I8 and lever 29 in the manner above pointed out. A circuit is thereby closed through lead H8, contacts 32, 3I, lead I20, terminals 56, 51, lead I2I, coil and lead I22, causing plunger 5| tov be attracted and bridge contacts 53. By the same action, the holding circuit through leads a and b is broken at contacts 52 and coils 48 and 38 de-energized, thereby permitting the circuits through coils 44 and 13 to be opened at contacts 48 and I02, respectively.

Upon the de-energization of coil 13, plunger 12 is pulled upwardly by spring H and through the cooperation of collar 11 and bead momentarily closes the auxiliary circuit to solenoid 8|. The impulse of energy through the solenoid 8| causes the latter to again actuate the tapping mechanism to make a dot on surface as a continuation of curve 88 at a distance from base line 81 proportional to the instant value of the water level or other variable on some preselected scale.

For the purpose of preventing sparking between contacts 3I, 32 and to insure the de-energization of coil- 50 for the succeeding cycle of operation, midget relay M is energized to break the circuit including said coil at terminal 56 and close an additional circuit for diverting current from said contacts. The energization of relay M takes place through a circuit inluding lead I23, contacts 53, lead I24, coil 54, leads I25, 'I20, contacts 3I, 32 and lead II9. When solenoid 55 has been moved by coil 54 into contact with terminal 58, a circuit is closed including lead I26, terminals 58, leads I21, I20, terminal 58, lead I25, coil 54, lead I24, contacts 53 as plunger 5I remains in contact with 53 even after coil 50 is de-energized and lead I23.

After the value of the variable has thus been recorded, the parts remain in their last-described position until discs 20 and 60 again reach their reference positions and the cycle is repeated. At the beginning of the succeeding cycle, it will be noted that the circuit through coil 54 will be broken at contacts 53 as soon as coil 48 is energized.

If desired, novel visual indicating means may be provided at the control or receiving station in lieu of or in combination with the recording means of Fig. 2, and one form of such means, as illustrated in Fig. 3, comprises a hand I30 mounted on a shaft I3I coaxial with shaft 5|. A counter hand I32 may also be loosely mounted on shaft 3| and connected thereto by suitable reduction gearing in the same manner as hand I5 on shaft I3. A brake arm I33, pivotally mounted at I34 and adapted to be actuated by plunger I35-of solenoid I35, engages shaft I 3| to normally hold the same against rotation in either direction. Brake actuating solenoid I35,'

to cause said hands to indicate an instantaneous position of the water level at the sending station includes a heart-shaped cam I42 mounted on shaft I3I adjacentdisc 50. A crank comprising a pair of arms I43 and I44 rigidly secured to one another by a hollow shaft I45, the latter of which is rotatably mounted on a support pro- .iecting from disc 60, is interposed between said disc and cam. Arm I43 has a roller I45 mounted in the bifurcated outer end thereof which is held in engagement with the peripheral surface of cam I42 by a tension spring I41 connecting glare free end of arm I44 with a pin I48 on disc At the beginning of the cycle of operation,

for use without a transmitter.

endless belt I55, mounted on pulleys I58 and I51,

2,soe,e45 I point below the end of lever I49. When disc.

80, operating in synchronism with disc '20,

' reaches a position in each cycle corresponding to the position of drum I2, coil 13 is de-energized in the manner above described, and, on upward movement of collar 11, lever I48 is pivoted there- ,by to cause contacts I31 and I38 to engage. A local auxiliary circuit is thus closed which includes lead I49, contacts I31, I38, lead I58, solenoid I36, and lead I Solenoid I36 being thus energized lifts brake lever I33 and leaves shaft I3I free to rotate under the influence of crank I43 acting against cam I42, the latter being so .formed, i. e. heart-shaped, that roller I46 will seek the groove in the periphery thereof Ribbon I18 may be shifted by the reciprocating action of bar I13, if desired, through a linkage and ratchet mechanism consisting of a link I8I engaging said bar, a lever l82 mounted on a fixed pivot I83, and a pawl I84 which is held in engagement with ratchet teeth on roller I12 by a spring I85.

If it is desired to mark reference lines adjacent the margin of surface I58 for the purpose of defining the recording range, marking elements I85 \may be provided on the tapping mechanism-in a position to engage ribbon I18 when shaft I3I is released. Hands I39 and I32 I will thus be periodically moved to a position for indicating the value of the variable at the instant the position of disc 28 corresponds to the position of drum I2.

Another embodiment of the novel recording means is illustrated in Fig. 4 in a form adapted As shown, an

able means may be provided for rotating drum I5I in a clockwise direction. A plurality of marking elements I53 (Fig. 6), carried by belt I55 and preferably spaced apart thereon a distance not greater than the width of recording surface I58, are thus moved one at a time across the recording surface whenever float I59 rises or falls in response to a change in a liquid level determined by float I59.

Therecording surface is preferably in the form of a paper tape originating on a supply roller I55. Said tape passes under belt I55, over an idler roller I55, over a driving roller I55 and onto a take-up roller I61. Tape I58 is preferably'moved at right angles to belt I55 by any suitable driving means I68, such as an escapement mechanism or constant speed motor, which is connected to driving roller I55 by means of a shaft I59.

Marking elements I53 may be constructed as in the illustrated embodiment, constituting novel means employing the principles of a typewriter for making the record, thereby avoiding the use of loose ink. As shown, an endless inked ribbon I19 is mounted on a pair of spaced rollers IH a distance equal to the distance between the reference lines thus made so that when the variable increases to a point where one curve- I81 extends beyond the recording range of .surface I58, the next adjacent marker will start a new curve I88.

There is thus provided novel apparatus for transmitting, recording and indicating values of a variable which may be constructed of a small number of rugged, compactly arranged parts and which is accurate and reliable. A novel transmitting system is also provided wherein only two connecting leads between the sending and receiving stations are required and wherein the indications at the receiving station are not subject to error by reason of customary electrical disturbances in long transmission lines. In addition, novel recording means are provided whereby a more readily readable record may be produced on a comparatively narrow, linearly-movthe invention, reference will be had primarily to the appended claims.

What is claimed is:

1. In apparatus of 'the class described, a rotatable member, means for cyclically rotating said member, the various positions of said memher during each cycle of operation being representative of values of a variable physical quantity, an indicating member for indicating an inand I12, the lower section thereof pusing between belt I55 and recording surface I58. In order to produce a periodic indication or record of the position of float I59, a tapper bar I13 is supported by arms I14 and pivot I15 over the lower section of belt I55, and means operated in coordination with the moving surface I58 are provided for raising said bar and-permitting the same to drop and strike marking elements I613. The latter means comprise a ratchet wheel I15 driven by motor I88 through gears 411 and I18 and adapted to cooperate with a blade I19 secured to an arm I89 on bar I13. The rotation of ratchet wheel I13 coacts with blade I19 to periodically raise bar I13 and permit the same to drop against marking elements I83. Said elements strike ribbon I15 and press the same stantaneous value of said quantity, a rotatable heart-shaped cam drivably connected to said indicating member for actuating the latter upon rotation of said cam, a pivoted lever mounted on said rotatable member to one side of the center thereof for bodily rotation therewith and having a roller at one end adapted to roll on the surface of said cam when the latter is stationary, normally operative braking means for holding said cam and indicating member against movement by said lever and roller, and means rendered operative when said rotatable member reaches a position corresponding to the then value of thequantity for releasing said braking means whereby said cam is caused to rotate until the roller reaches the depression of said cam'to actuate said indicating member to a position indicative of said then value of the quantity.

2. In an indicating instrument, a rotatable indicating element, a rotatable heart-shaped cam drivably connected to said indicating element for actuating the same upon rotation of said cam, a cyclically rotatable member having a pivoted lever mounted thereon to one side of the axis of said member for bodily rotation therewith, a roller carried by said lever and arranged to roll on the surface 01' said cam when the latter is stationary, resilient means for holding said roller in contact with said cam, means normally holding said cam stationary, and means rendered effective at' certain positions oi said rotatable member for releasing said holding means to rotate said cam by said lever and roller until the latter reaches the depression in said cam, where by said indicating element is actuated.

3.In indicating apparatus, a rotatable heartshaped cam, a cyclically rotatable disc having a lever pivoted on said disc adjacent the axis thereof and revolvable therewith, said lever being provided with a roller-at one end adapted to roll on said cam when the latter is stationary, resilient means for normally holding said roller in engagement with said cam, the pressure exerted by said resilient means being eflective to cause said lever and-roller to rotate said cam to assume a predetermined position relative to said lever, means for normally holding said cam against rotation, means for releasing said holding means when said lever reaches certain positions during a revolution thereof, and indicating means drivably connected to and-actuated by said cam.

RALPH R. CHAPPELL. RU'I'GER B. COLT. ROBERT J. STREB, 

